Which component ensures that business can only be properly conducted when a specific number of members are present?

A quorum is the minimum number of members required to be present for a meeting to conduct business legally and make decisions. This component is crucial because it ensures that enough members are present to represent the group adequately and to validate any actions taken during the meeting. If a quorum is not met, the organization cannot proceed with official business, ensuring that all members have a fair opportunity to participate in decisions.

In contrast, a motion refers to a formal proposal during a meeting, an amendment is a change or addition proposed to a motion, and a committee report presents findings or recommendations to the larger group. While these concepts are essential to the functioning of meetings, none of them determine the necessary number of members required to conduct business as effectively as a quorum does.